When Cannabis Goes Wrong: Understanding the Risks of Overconsumption

Cannabis has become a popular choice for people of all ages, offering a range of benefits from therapeutic relief to recreational enjoyment. However, while many enjoy cannabis responsibly, overconsumption can lead to unpleasant experiences that no one signs up for when seeking a good time.

The Wide Appeal of Cannabis

Step into any cannabis store, and you’re likely to encounter a diverse clientele. From young adults to retirees, people turn to cannabis for various reasons. Regular users often cite therapeutic benefits, such as pain relief, alleviating symptoms of chronic conditions, or helping with sleep problems. For the majority, however, it’s about recreation.

Cannabis offers an alternative to alcohol for relaxation or socializing, with certain strains enhancing joy and sensory experiences. Whether it’s a preroll, an infused edible, or a flavorful gummy, cannabis offers an enjoyable escape for many.

But as the saying goes, too much of a good thing can be bad.

What Happens When You Overconsume?

While cannabis overdose, or “greening out,” isn’t fatal, it can be a deeply uncomfortable experience. Dr. Glen Clark, an emergency room physician with Corewell Health, explains that the effects of overconsumption are primarily psychological but can feel overwhelming.

“You might feel like you’re going to die,” says Dr. Clark, “but cannabis overdose is not lethal.”

Common symptoms include:

• Paranoia: A sudden, intense feeling that something is wrong.
• Anxiety: Elevated heart rate and racing thoughts.
• Nausea: Feeling sick to the stomach or vomiting.
• Confusion: Difficulty focusing or processing information.
• Dizziness: A sense of being off-balance or disoriented.

Physical symptoms, while less common, can include sweating, dry mouth, and a rapid heartbeat. These reactions are most often linked to consuming edibles, which can take longer to kick in, leading some users to mistakenly ingest more.

Why Does Overconsumption Happen?

Edibles are a common culprit. Unlike smoking or vaping, which deliver effects almost immediately, edibles can take 30 minutes to 2 hours to produce noticeable results. Impatient or inexperienced users may consume more, thinking the initial dose wasn’t enough. When the effects finally hit, they may come on too strong.

Other factors that contribute to overconsumption include:

• High THC Concentration: Modern cannabis products often contain much higher THC levels than in the past.
• Lack of Experience: First-time users may not know how much to take.
• Mixing Substances: Combining cannabis with alcohol or other drugs can amplify effects and lead to overconsumption.

How to Handle an Overdose

If you or someone else has consumed too much cannabis, it’s important to stay calm and follow these steps:

1. Find a Safe Space: Get to a quiet, comfortable environment away from crowds or overwhelming stimuli.
2. Stay Hydrated: Drink water to help ease symptoms like dry mouth and dizziness.
3. Rest: Sit or lie down to avoid accidents caused by dizziness or disorientation.
4. Reassure Yourself: Remind yourself or the affected person that the effects will pass. A supportive friend can be invaluable during this time.
5. Seek Medical Help If Needed: While rare, severe symptoms like chest pain or difficulty breathing should prompt a visit to the emergency room.

For most people, the effects of overconsumption wear off within a few hours. Dr. Clark emphasizes, “It’s uncomfortable, but it’s not life-threatening.”

Tips for Responsible Consumption

Preventing overconsumption starts with mindful use. Here’s how to enjoy cannabis safely:

• Start Low, Go Slow: Especially with edibles, begin with a low dose and wait at least an hour before considering more.
• Know Your Limits: Regular users may tolerate higher doses, but newcomers should err on the side of caution.
• Read Labels: Pay attention to THC content and serving sizes.
• Avoid Mixing: Don’t combine cannabis with alcohol or other substances until you know how it affects you.
• Have a Buddy System: If you’re new to cannabis or trying a high-THC product, have a trusted friend with you.

Cannabis can be a source of relaxation and enjoyment when used responsibly. Knowing how to avoid and handle overconsumption ensures that a good time doesn’t take a turn for the worse.