For the third time in six years, North Dakota voters will head to the polls to decide whether or not to legalize adult-use cannabis. After rejecting similar measures in 2018 and 2022, the upcoming November 5 vote presents a pivotal moment for the state’s cannabis movement. This time, advocates have crafted a campaign aimed specifically at aligning with the state’s conservative values.
A Conservative Approach to Legalization
North Dakota is not known for its liberal policies, and this plays a key role in how proponents of Measure 5 have framed the issue. Steve Bakken, chair of the campaign, emphasized that the legalization plan would give the state significant control over the cannabis market, a strategy designed to appeal to the state’s predominantly Republican voters.
“I don’t want us to be Oregon or Washington or Colorado,” Bakken remarked, addressing the concerns of voters who worry about the potential for an uncontrolled cannabis industry. The measure offers a highly regulated approach, with the state holding the reins on all cannabis-related activities.
Limited Business Opportunities
Unlike other states with expansive cannabis markets, North Dakota’s Measure 5 would create a more restrained market, reflecting the cautious attitude of the state’s electorate. The measure would permit adults aged 21 and over to possess:
- Up to 1 ounce of cannabis.
- 4 grams of concentrates.
- 300 milligrams of cannabis edibles.
Home cultivation would be limited to three plants, and the state would only issue a small number of business licenses:
- 7 manufacturing licenses for cultivation and product manufacturing.
- 18 retail licenses statewide.
Measure 5 also places tight restrictions on business ownership, prohibiting individuals or groups from holding more than one retail license within 20 miles of another store and limiting vertical integration. Unlike states with booming cannabis industries like Oklahoma or Missouri, North Dakota’s market would likely remain modest.
Support from Medical Marijuana Businesses
A major factor driving support for Measure 5 is backing from the state’s existing medical marijuana industry. Campaign finance records reveal that almost all of the $540,000 raised in support of the measure came from medical marijuana operators.
Notably, GR Holdings OH-ND, a New York-based affiliate of Curaleaf Holdings, contributed $300,000 to the campaign. Curaleaf operates four of the state’s eight medical marijuana dispensaries. Pure Dakota, which operates three dispensaries, also contributed $236,309.
While Measure 5 does not guarantee preferential treatment for existing medical marijuana businesses, many are eager to see the measure pass, anticipating that it will expand their customer base.
Potential Revenue and Social Impact
Unlike other states, Measure 5 does not propose a special excise tax on cannabis sales. However, legal cannabis transactions would still generate significant revenue for the state. According to official estimates, legal sales could bring in $7.2 million in sales-tax revenue, with the funds directed towards schools and first responders.
Proponents are hopeful that framing the revenue in a way that benefits essential services will help win over undecided voters. Casey Neumann, CEO of Pure Dakota, emphasized the importance of reinvesting cannabis tax revenue into the community.
A Potential Shift in Red States
North Dakota is one of a few Republican-leaning states considering cannabis legalization in 2024. Voters in Florida and South Dakota will also decide on similar measures. If passed, these red-state victories could mark a significant shift in the cannabis legalization landscape and could pave the way for future federal reforms. With the stakes high and national attention focused on the outcome, November’s vote could prove to be a defining moment for cannabis advocates across the country.

Michael Brown is a seasoned journalist with a knack for uncovering compelling stories within the realm of cannabis. Through his investigative reporting and in-depth analysis, he sheds light on the regulatory challenges, market trends, and societal impacts of the burgeoning cannabis industry. Michael’s commitment to objective journalism and ethical reporting makes him a trusted voice in providing readers with balanced and informative articles about this rapidly evolving landscape.